Vertebral Compression Fracture

Vertebral compression fractures occur when the downward or axial load on the spine is too much for the bone to support it. The result is that the vertebral body or large round portion of the vertebrae collapses, kind of like stepping on an empty can. These fractures typically occur because the bone has lost its ability to support typical loads, either from osteoporosis or tumor, or because there was an increased load to the spine such as a fall or lifting a heavy object.

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These fractures, like any other fracture, can be extremely painful. Sometimes pain can be controlled with medications and bracing. However, these forms of treatment are not always effective. Additionally, these fractures can cause collapsing of the front part of the spine, resulting in a kyphotic deformity or “hunchback” appearance.

  • Osteoporosis literally means “porous bone”
  • Increases your risk for fractures
  • Estimated 54 million American have osteoporosis or low bone mass
  • Risk Factors:
    • Sex – higher risk in women
    • Age – higher risk as we age
    • Body size – higher risk in small, thin builds
    • Ethnicity – Caucasian and Asian
    • Family History
    • Nutrition – low body weight and poor nutrition
    • Lifestyle – Lack of exercise, smoking, alcohol
    • Medications
  • Evaluating bone health with a DEXA scan is recommended in women over 65 and men over 70
    • The test involves taking X rays of multiple bones and comparing them to the general population as well as men or women your age
  • Take 1500mg of calcium per day (or as recommended by PCP)
  • Take 2000 units of Vitamin D per day (or as recommended by PCP)
  • Follow up with your primary care provider for recommendations regarding further management of osteoporosis.
  • Exercise
    • Once your fracture is healed, 30 minutes of weight bearing exercise 3-4 times per week is a good goal to improve bone health
  • Bracing
  • You should wear your brace whenever out of bed
  • Wearing your brace can help prevent your compression fracture from worsening and help to control pain

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Restrictions

  • Avoid BENDING, LIFTING, AND TWISTING as this may worsen your fracture

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